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#SaturdaySchool: U.S. Immigration History

June 19, 2012 By Leave a Comment

In another timely #SaturdaySchool hosted by @ProfRagsdale, we discuss the history of U.S. Immigration laws and policy. Beginning with the naturalization acts in the early years of the Union, continuing with the advent of exclusion acts in the 1880s and federalization of immigration enforcement in the 1920s, this weeks discussion provides a number of useful resources to learn more about the laws that make people “illegal.”

Be sure to watch the video after #SaturdaySchool to get an idea of what these laws and this discussion is really about. We’ve also posted a few links to recent news articles that highlight the plight of undocumented immigrants.


#SaturdaySchool: U.S. Immigration History

Each week @ProfRagsdale gathers loyal followers around the twitter hearth to spread knowledge, build community, and create change. (June 16, 2012)

Storified by FunkNBeans · Tue, Jun 19 2012 09:23:47

Get the coffee going, stretch a lil & ask yourself what u already know about #immigration- #SaturdaySchool will get going soonRhonda Ragsdale
#immigration wasnt addressed n the founding documents & revolutionaries were immigrants or children of them #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
The earliest immigrants 2 the US came 4 a lot of different reasons – many not by choice #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale and let’s not forget that Europeans came here and broke all treaties/agreements with Native people #SaturdaySchoolChrisMacDen
4 millions of Africans the experiences of #immigration were filled w horror http://www.inmotionaame.org/migrations/topic.cfm?migration=1&topic=5 #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
It’s important 2 understand: #immigration experiences have been very different depending on race, class, etc #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale Migration -coerced forced or voluntary- has supported economic growth throughout US history. #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans what do u think is most important thing 2 consider when thinking about #immigration n early US? #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale Even though there were a few restrictive laws immigration was not regulated the way it is now. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans @profragsdale immigration and migration is natural. Just look at the monarch butterfly. #SaturdaySchoolRodrigo Sanchez
“@profragsdale: The earliest immigrants 2 the US came 4 a lot of different reasons – many not by choice #SaturdaySchool” < economic refugeesRodrigo Sanchez
@rscspokenword @funkandbeans I argue that some #migration is ‘natural’ but forced migration is not #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
As soon as #citizenship became codified n 1790s, it identified #whiteness as a requirement #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@FunkAndBeans for a history of immigration enforcement see Migra!: A History of the U.S. Border Patrol by Kelly Lytle HernandezXicano C/S
Hey all – time for #saturdayschool with @profragsdale and @JaimeRPuente – talking about #immigration – tune in for some learning!kate averett
In 1798 Pres John Adams signed the Alien & Sedition Acts into law. Read more here: http://ow.ly/bCBNVFunkNBeans
In 1st #naturalization laws, children(under 21)of white citizens were included regardless of birthplace #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
US regulation of immigration has been about defining identity of the nation by the identity of the people allowed to enter. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
& US identity defined not just by those who get to enter but by their ability to be citizens #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
From earliest naturalization until 2day, whiteness is major component n #immigration laws-it’s no secret #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@FunkAndBeans @profragsdale check this out http://soundcloud.com/rscspokenword/14-monarch-butterfly #SaturdaySchoolRodrigo Sanchez
@profragsdale my comps was on social construction of whiteness so I discussed immigration lots #SaturdaySchoolChrisMacDen
While #nerdland & @MHPShow is about to take up #Immigration as a topic.. #SaturdaySchool w @ProfRagsdale is already on it..join us #NerdLandFunkNBeans
As the US moved 2ward agribusiness & industrialization, more #immigrant labor was desired 2 increase profits #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
RT @arsmel: @profragsdale Will you talk a little about JFK’s immigration policy? Seems like his was the best. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@ARSMEL great question — we will go thru each time period of #immigration #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@arsmel We will discuss the Immigration Act of 1965.. some think it was great some think it was not very great. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Ignatiev’s How the Irish Became White is a helpful read for understanding this topic #SaturdaySchool (1/2)kate averett
@profragsdale How ppl who are today considered white weren’t then and had to "become" white to be accepted as Americans. #SaturdaySchoolkate averett
@convergecollide yes — excellent book & eye-opening ! (How Irish Became White) #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
"@profragsdale: @rscspokenword @FunkAndBeans All slaves & many indentured servants were forced migrants #SaturdaySchool"jason
Ability to restrict citizenship thru slavery disenfranchisement or naturalization are used to extract labor for profit.#SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale #SaturdaySchool so in ur terms migration refers intercontinental travel? because I travel to work. Is that forced migration?Rodrigo Sanchez
@rscspokenword slaves werent forced 2 just travel & had no say whatsoever / they were forced 2 relocate 4 life #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@rscspokenword furthermore enslaved #migrants were forced 2 live & work here but denied #citizenship #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
My favorite book on the history of the politics of immigration is by Dan Tichenor http://www.amazon.com/Dividing-Lines-Politics-Immigration-Princeton/dp/0691088055/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1339858634&sr=8-1&keywords=dan+tichenor #SaturdaySchoolTerri Givens
I also write a blog on immigration politics (mainly for my students) http://givensimmigration.blogspot.com/ #SaturdaySchoolTerri Givens
@profragsdale So true. 54/55 of the Framers of the U.S. Constitution were slave owners, except John Adams. #SaturdaySchoolDevissi Muhammad PhD
@DrDevissi thanks 4 joining n on #SaturdaySchool 2day! We appreciate your input !Rhonda Ragsdale
One of the first groups to be restricted from entry to US & so too possibility of citizenship were Chinese ppl. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans cause Mexicans,latinos,Hispanics we are the scapegoat for lots of issues this country always needs a boogie man to blamejason
@rscspokenword thank u so much 4 the questions – that’s what this is all about ! #SaturdaySchool :-) Rhonda Ragsdale
In 1886 the US passed a law called the Chinese Exclusion Act that restricted immigration by anyone who looked Chinese. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Chinese arrived n US after hearing promises of work & chance 4 new life – agents of railroads recruited them #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@FunkAndBeans @profragsdale Can’t wait to hear what y’all think about it! #SaturdaySchool #JFKMEL – Unhip Hipster
Regulation of this was not federalized & occurred in piecemeal form but served to exclude/remove thousands of Asian ppl. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Chinese Exclusion Act (CEA) is 1 of the 1st laws passed & signed to restrict bodies crossing US border #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Chinese Exclusion Acts began in 1882. Read more about it from the Federal Judicial Center: http://ow.ly/bCDfj #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Why were Chinese excluded from #immigration & not white Europeans? —>> the idea of RACE #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
The exclusion of Chinese people included Japanese which was protested by the Japanese government #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Yes, a little sumthin’ sumthin’ called The Johnson Act of 1924, weren’t it? #SaturdaySchool ;-) #InjusticeGene Anderson
@profragsdale Another ?: why did the Japanese lobby for a different status than the Chinese? racialization of nationality. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Japanese officials struck a deal with US govt to exempt Japanese from being affected by the CEA #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Exclusion of the Chinese centered on their ability to compete in mining & railroad jobs across PacCoast. #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans countries & people n them r often pitted against each other on #immigration issues 4 US profit #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
The exclusion of Chinese people & nearly all Asian people (except Japanese & Phillipinos) remained until the 1940s. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Citizenship & protective rights it confers give workers -undoc’d or not- the ability to address grievances. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
#Nativism began 2 emerge as the sentiment that those born in the US were better than immigrants #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
A solid history of the CEA: Closing the Gate: Race Politics & the Chinese Exclusion Act by Gyory http://ow.ly/bCDJu #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale There was also bias against Southern and Eastern Europeans who were mainly Catholic-eugenics on the rise, too #SaturdaySchoolTerri Givens
The Statue of Liberty was a gift from French who saw US as harbor 4 #immigrants & an exceptional country #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
The American Protective Association became 1 of the 1st #nativist orgs n US http://projects.vassar.edu/1896/apa.html #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale …to preserve the exclusivity of whiteness as property, privilege, prestige, & domination! #SaturdaySchool #InequalityDevissi Muhammad PhD
Nativism & anti-immigrant sentiment directly correlates w downturns in US economy. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Cpt’s of Industry used migrant labor to build their fortunes & used nativism to support their exploitative labor practices. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Immigration of Mexican people to the U.S began in mass (for those not already here) in the 1890s after CEA. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
This was not a white land when #Europeans got here – they did not have the right 2 define it as such #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
W Chinese no longer available labor shortages reoccurred & Mexicans were recruited to fill labor needs. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
This was not a white country when we were founded either – the colonies were multiracial multiethnic diverse #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
The 1st political martyr 4 colonial revolutionaries was black rebel-rouser Crispus Attucks ! #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Immigration restriction based on nationality (& thus race) were reintroduced after WWI @a time of significant global change. #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
1917-The US govt instituted literacy tests entry taxes & gave immigration enforcement discretion to local authorities #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
The "Progressive Years" of PresWilson & then Harding were not very progressive for new immigrants. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Beginning with 1917 Immigration Act to the 1924 Johnson Reed Act, US immigration laws underwent major changes. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Quotas began in the 1920s & in 1924 & Border Patrol first established to enforce quotas #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Quotas & federal Border Patrol became first widespread use of exclusionary policies by US to regulate immigration. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@AlphaGriot She was bronze copper gleaming – clearly a brown color & could have been made from many materials #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
It’s almost ironic that the once copper lady of liberty has become corroded & has turned green #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
#SaturdaySchool people need a Chemistry lesson, copper oxidizes to the current color of the statue of Liberty. It’s all ChemistrySJthatGirl
@profragsdale The historiography of American #immigration law is a study of discrimination by Congress, S. Ct, & presidency. #SaturdaySchoolDevissi Muhammad PhD
This is a major moment in the history of US immigration policy & for Mexican immigrants it marks an end to cyclical patterns #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
Before the 1920s Mexican immigrants & migrant laborers came to work but nearly all went home after stints working in US #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
The Immigration Act of 1924 (The Johnson-Reed Act) http://ow.ly/bCmT5 #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
During&after WWI many white US citizens felt increasingly threatened by other races bcuz of campaigns of hate #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Klan was part of a well established #nativist response 2 multicultural & multiracial nature of the US #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
See a list of countries & their quotas as established in 1924 #SaturdaySchool http://ow.ly/bCF0iFunkNBeans
Notice countries not listed here. Migrants from Mexico Japan & Phillipines were exempt from quotas #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
1920s Klan had stronghold on many public offices at time & 1924 was 1 of their strongest political years ever #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Knowledgeable ppl always agree on facts; however, the challenge is always interpretation & sophistication of argumentation! #SaturdaySchoolDevissi Muhammad PhD
No coincidence –>> racist/nativist immigration policies of 1920s & political power of the Klan at the time #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@SmugAcademic Whether Klan dispersed or went underground-there were many other nativist groups during the lull #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@SmugAcademic it was part of nativist movement with groups such as American Protective Assoc & citizens groups #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale See the racial prejudices in 1920s immigration policy: List of Quotas by Nation–> http://ow.ly/bCFeZ #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Ahh…thank you for the "timely" info. As a country, we must do better. #SaturdaySchool #immigrationreformGene Anderson
Immigration by Mexicans in 1920s became a major factor bc of the institution of quotas placed on ppl from other countries. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Many historians have noted that immigration patterns-particularly from Mexico-were cyclical pre1924 #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
George Sanchez’s _Becoming Mexican American_ is an outstanding history of early 20th century migration to the US. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
#SaturdaySchool #BookRec: Oxford University Press: Becoming Mexican American: George J. Sanchez http://ow.ly/bCFtqFunkNBeans
On side note- I’ve tweeted #SaturdaySchool from many places – beach, train, desert, city & 2day it’s a lodge n Hill Country TXRhonda Ragsdale
Johnson Reed Act established the discriminatory & inhumane practices such as delousing body inspections & the LPC status. #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
Gender implications of US immigration law cannot be overstated. Gender issues are central to US immigration policy. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Single mothers & young women were often barred from entry by being labeled as Likely to Become a Public Charge or LPC #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
@SmugAcademic In meta-analysis of nativism in US, 1920sKlan was part of established movement of other groups #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale I love #SaturdaySchool and hearing about your travels. You had me hooked on your train trip.MEL – Unhip Hipster
One thing that is important to know about US immigration policy is that its much different written than enacted. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
As written immigration laws are said to be "fair" but local discretion for enacting & enforcing those varied greatly. #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
These nativist & racists immigration ideas & laws have not been well enuf checked & weighed — & it’s time #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Ellis Island & El Paso -both major points of entry in early 1900s: very different in their inclusion/exclusion methods. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans I was looking through LA Public Library’s Ancestry database and noticed A LOT of people with "Date Of Entry" through El Paso.Art Meza
"@FunkAndBeans: George Sanchez is a proud USC professor! Awesome classes on diversity, race, and class! #fighton #SaturdaySchool"David Hernandez
@FunkAndBeans That’s the modern problem or nature of federalism and the law! #History #SaturdaySchoolDevissi Muhammad PhD
@profragsdale Exclusionary legislation still exists. See IIRIRA of 1996 &impact on ‘reverse migration’ /forced repatriation. #SaturdaySchoolArlene M. Roberts
Hear an interview on @NPR: The Bath Riots: Indignity Along the Mexican Border http://ow.ly/bCGbF #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Let’s talk reverse migration. See "Faces of Detention &Deportation: Forced Repatriation.. http://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/the_faces_of_detention_and_deportation.pdf #SaturdaySchoolArlene M. Roberts
Look up #SaturdaySchool today for a historical look at immigration issues w/@ProfRagsdale!Arturo R. Garcia
Role of global migration 2day, My review:Nannies, Maids & Sex Workers:Their Common Element http://www.rhondaragsdale.com/nannies-maids-sex-workers-their-common-element.html #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale Read your review. Likewise, see my 2012 report: "A Day in the Life of a Domestic Worker" http://ow.ly/aHEvj #SaturdaySchoolArlene M. Roberts
After 1924 many Mexican migrants chose to stay in US rather than continue cycles of migration bc of dehumanizing policies #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
The Statue of Liberty was Copper? I didn’t know that #Cu @profragsdale #SaturdaySchoolDNLee
Role of global migration 2day @profragsdale’s review:Nannies Maids & Sex Workers:Their Common Element http://www.rhondaragsdale.com/nannies-maids-sex-workers-their-common-element.html #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Mid-1960s there was major shift in voluntary migration due 2 legislation passed in 1965 & implemented in 1968. #SaturdaySchoolArlene M. Roberts
The US created its own Mexican immigrant problem by trying to restrict immigration. #GreatIroniesOfHistory #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@DNLee5 yep — the green color we see now is a result of corrosion of the copper #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale The 1965 Hart-Cellar Immigration Act abolished national-origins quota system (orig est 1921 &modified in1952). #SaturdaySchoolArlene M. Roberts
@140Letters here’s 1 example from a .edu site, nativism n Ohio during WWI http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=2206 #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Delousing LPC labels & Medical Exams contributed to widespread ideas about the "Dirty Mexicans" in the US #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
So is THE CREATION OF WHITENESS #sociology #saturdayschool RT @loumoore12 @profragsdale white by law is a good read for this topicTheNYGalavant
@arlenemroberts It didn’t quite abolish quotas. It made them all equal.. there are still quotas in effect today. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale Post-Hart-Cellar Immigration Act, family unification was established as cornerstone of U.S immigration policy. #SaturdaySchoolArlene M. Roberts
A MUST READ –> Mae Ngai – Impossible Subjects:Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America http://ow.ly/bCGHN #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
Book Rec: Working Toward Whiteness: How America’s Immigrants Became White http://www.amazon.com/dp/0465070744/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_UCl3pb1SERC30 #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Read an excerpt from Ngai’s book here: "Strange Career of the Illegal Alien 1921-1995" http://ow.ly/bCmzm #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Book Rec: The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working Class http://www.amazon.com/dp/1844671453/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_5Dl3pb1V5KXHV #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
BookRec: Gloria González-López-Erotic Journeys:Mexican Immigrants & Their Sex Lives http://ow.ly/bCGXS #saturdayschoolFunkNBeans
Here is a chart of the numbers of people admitted & expelled from the US btw 1890-2000 http://ow.ly/i/HzaJ #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans Follow-up read? My report, "Faces of Detention & Deportation…Forced Repatriation of C’bean Immigrants" http://big.assets.huffingtonpost.com/the_faces_of_detention_and_deportation.pdfArlene M. Roberts
@profragsdale It’s interesting 2 see in that chart that w "end" of quotas admissions rise but not as much as expulsions. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Activist Academic David Bacon does amazing work documenting stories of immigrants: http://ow.ly/bCHuB #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
From 1924-1965 US Immigration laws experienced several phases including Repatriations of 1930s & Japanese Internment Camps. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
The Bracero Program & Operation Wetback are two of the most notorious programs that affected immigration patterns in US. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
#saturdayschool:It also coincides w discuss. of increased enfranchisement for other groups. 1910s discussions of woman suff incl’d nativism.Jessica Wranosky
The view of my #SaturdaySchool 2day ! http://pic.twitter.com/hADSr3e4Rhonda Ragsdale
#SaturdaySchool H.R. 3012 bill and the E3 Visa- none of this has really gone away. Just changed its language or focusSJthatGirl
The 1965 Act while abolishing quotas by nation established an across the board limit of 20k ppl per country. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
While the Hart-Cellar Act provided more avenues for legal migration it also further codified certain people as "Illegal" #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
1965 Immigration Law Changed Face of America : NPR http://ow.ly/bCIoh #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans:No matter how much education you already have, everyone can always use a bit of #saturdayschool now & again-even with a PhD ;) Jessica Wranosky
I’m taking an extended lunch w this #TexasWedding party & will return 2 #SaturdaySchool this afternoon – pls continue tho :-) Rhonda Ragsdale
The 1965 Hart-Cellar act made it possible for the "chain migration" phenomenon to occur. Family ties were given precedence. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Question: Do you know someone immigrated to the US? Are there immigrants in your family or social network? #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans Actually, I’m an immigrant. And I wish ALL immigrants would be treated as I am. #ImmigrationreformGene Anderson
@funkandbeans Although I have several generations of US citizenship behind me.. many in my family have been immigrants. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans my mom is from Mexico and I have lots of family that immigrated to this country.jason
I think one major take-away from today’s #SaturdaySchool is that people were made to be "illegal" & that label is used to discriminate.FunkNBeans
Consider signing the pledge to Drop the I-Word (via http://ColorLines.com) http://ow.ly/bCIJ1 #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Be sure to pick up the latest @Time magazine to read @joseiswriting’s feature "Not Legal, Not Leaving" http://ow.ly/bCJft #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Also #FF these great #DREAMact tweeps: @aqueerdesi @DreamAct @JuanSaaa @GabyPacheco1 @luisgutierrez @CarlosQC #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
MUST READ: Incredible story of @joseiswriting living as an undocumented immigrant. http://defineamerican.com #WeAreAmerican #saturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
How [Undocumented Persons] Pay Billions In Taxes And Reap Rewards http://shar.es/srYqB #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
Influx of Unaccompanied Migrant Children a Tragedy that Requires Congressional Attention http://ow.ly/bCJC1 #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@JNotha You’re never late to #SaturdaySchool! And yes you’re right. A good pop-culture example is "Gangs of NY" by Scorcese. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans hahah sure I missed most of it tho! It’s true that a lot of ppl considered ‘white’ here were 2nd class citizens in Europe.Justa Notha
@JNotha We forget that race & nationality have shifted meaning many times over course of US Hist – esp re: immigration. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@DefineAmerican we have been discussing Immigration history & exclusion of peoples to preserve US whiteness. #SaturdaySchool #JoinInFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans @defineamerican saying "preserve whiteness" makes it sound like American whiteness existed prior to immigration policies…kate averett
@FunkAndBeans @defineamerican may be more accurate to say how immigration history DEFINED (&refined?) whiteness…kate averett
Undocumented Americans: Julio Salgado – YouTube http://ow.ly/bCK90 #SaturdaySchool #LGBTQFunkNBeans
So where do people go when they’ve committed no crime except to not have citizenship? http://ow.ly/bCKco #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@FunkAndBeans I want to know why it is referred to as "The 1965 Act"? Kennedy had been dead 2 years, wasn’t it his thing?MEL – Unhip Hipster
@FunkAndBeans As I understand it, JFK allowed anyone to come in from another country if they already had family here. Kind of a "Sponsor"MEL – Unhip Hipster
@arsmel It was signed by LBJ. #HartCellarAct did make it possible for familial sponsorships. #SaturdaySchoolFunkNBeans
@profragsdale I teach a comparative immigration politics course every year. #SaturdaySchoolTerri Givens
PLEASE —>> Consider signing the pledge to Drop the I-Word (via http://ColorLines.com) http://ow.ly/bCIJ1 #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
What immigration hashtags do u follow? What immigration websites do u use? Share tags & links with us! #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Follow the hashtags #WeAreAmerican #WeAreAmericans 4 many discussions of immigration, citizenship & nativism -#SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@convergecollide @defineamerican yes – actually about creating reifying & then preserving illusion of whiteness #SaturdaySchool140 Social Women
@WaynesWorld1988 check out @profragsdale tweets from #SaturdaySchool today. Covering diff views on #ImmigrationPatricia E. Stein
#immigration #Dreamers #DREAMAct great hashtags 2 look at 4 networking & getting perspectives on these issues #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale The wealth if the US is due to the subjugation of nonWhite people: Aboriginals, African slaves, Hispanic immigrants=A PatternPeter Persad
Book Rec: Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens & the Making of Modern America http://www.amazon.com/dp/0691124299/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_g5n3pb0VXWMWY #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Book Rec: The Possessive Investment in Whiteness: How White People Profit from Identity http://www.amazon.com/dp/1592134947/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_L6n3pb081R2KP #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@Mexica_1325 I agree – words like founded & explored r often used when invade & conquer r more accurate #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Book Rec: Faith in Nation: Exclusionary Origins of Nationalism http://www.amazon.com/dp/0195182596/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_6.n3pb1QTT915 #SaturdaySchool #immigrationRhonda Ragsdale
Book Rec: Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin & Spread of Nationalism http://www.amazon.com/dp/1844670864/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_-ao3pb05WKP0J #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
Book Rec: Special Sorrows: The Diasporic Imagination of Irish, Polish & Jewish Immigrants http://www.amazon.com/dp/0520233425/ref=cm_sw_r_tw_dp_beo3pb14FXFPW #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
@Toure @profragsdale Without cheap/free labour provided by nonWhite people, the US economy would crumble. Yet Americans loathe ill immigs??Peter Persad
@ArawakWarrior @toure SOME Americans r nativist — but not all #SaturdaySchool #immigrationRhonda Ragsdale
Put some NPR n2 your #SaturdaySchool Is Deportation Freeze A ‘Big Relief’ Or ‘Cynical Ploy’? -More at http://n.pr/LU3FKDRhonda Ragsdale
Add NPR 2 #SaturdaySchool –> President Obama’s #Immigration Shift Could Bolster Latino Support In November -More at http://n.pr/MvV7rERhonda Ragsdale
@profragsdale Had a great time reading through #SaturdaySchool today! Thank you! One of the most rocking ideas ever.Patricia E. Stein
Continue #immigration chat w me & @FunkAndBeans anytime – just use the hashtag or tweet us! Another great #SaturdaySchoolRhonda Ragsdale
I enjoyed the discussion of ideas, I was reading while cleaning :) nice day here in DC RT @FunkAndBeans @CarlosQC thx 4 #SaturdaySchool RT ![Carlos] in DC
Illegal: an independent documentary http://ow.ly/bEsWP #MUSTWATCH #LATISM #SaturdaySchool #DREAMact #DREAMersFunkNBeans
Thank u so much 2 everyone who RTd & shared w #SaturdaySchool chat about #immigration 2day! Hello new followers!Rhonda Ragsdale
Remember — u r never late 2 #SaturdaySchool so continue any time — the hashtag is always open :-) thank u @JaimeRPuente !Rhonda Ragsdale

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About Jaime Puente

I'm a student of life, literature & culture, and I couldn't keep my mouth shut if I tried. So, I write about the things that catch my eye and my ire. Let's hope you don't get caught in the latter of those two gazes. Please correct me if I'm wrong. JaimeRPuente.com

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